In response to concerns from African bishops about the prevalence of polygamy within their communities, the Vatican has issued a new decree that underscores the importance of monogamous marriage between a man and a woman. This 40-page document, prepared by the Vatican’s doctrine office, specifically addresses the cultural practices observed among Catholics in Africa, where polygamy is common. The Church’s position—the belief that marriage is an indissoluble union—has been reaffirmed, prioritizing the sanctity and exclusivity of a lifelong commitment. The document criticizes all forms of multiple sexual relationships, viewing them as a departure from authentic marital unity. The decree additionally highlights the