In February 2026, the World Health Organization announced the resumption of preventive cholera vaccination programs worldwide. These programs had been put on hold for nearly four years primarily due to a significant shortage of vaccines. The vaccine shortage began to escalate in 2022, coinciding with a rising demand that saw cases of cholera again surge. The global stockpile of oral cholera vaccines had dwindled dramatically from 70 million doses to approximately 35 million doses, causing resource allocation to focus only on responding to outbreaks rather than proactive vaccination campaigns. Countries heavily affected by cholera outbreaks were requesting far more doses than what was available, leading to a critical need for intervention. With recent improvements in vaccine stock levels, WHO, along with partners such as GAVI and UNICEF, is now deploying a first allocation of 20 million doses. These allocations include 3.6 million doses specifically for Mozambique, highlighting the urgent need as the country faces heightened cholera threats following extensive flooding that impacted around 700,000 people. 6.1 million doses will also be sent to Congo, while Bangladesh is set to receive 10.3 million doses. WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus emphasized the importance of breaking the cycle of reacting to cholera outbreaks which had arisen as a result of global vaccine shortages. The organization's new strategic approach includes a one-dose vaccination strategy, which is now standard. This method arises from the need to maximize immunization coverage in light of limited vaccine resources. Two-dose campaigns may still be considered but will be dependent on specific circumstances. The World Health Organization highlighted that cholera is a waterborne disease often exacerbated by factors such as poverty, conflict, and climate change. Since 2021, cholera cases have been on the rise. In 2025 alone, more than 600,000 cases and nearly 7,600 deaths were reported globally. Despite a decline in the overall cases witnessed in early 2026, cholera-related deaths remain a significant concern. WHO's proactive measures, now that the vaccine supply is more stable, aim to resume preventive efforts and better control future outbreaks by addressing the systemic issues that contribute to cholera's spread, including the severe impacts of climate change on global health trends.